Guide for the application of water soluble fertilizer on main crops in autumn and winter.

Let’s take the cabbage for example. Some principles on fertilization are given below regard to the problems of excessive use of nitrogen fertilizer at single-dosage, unreasonable proportion of NPK, haphazard application of high-content-phosphorus compound fertilizer, insufficient use of organic fertilizer in some areas and severe acidification of vegetable field.

1. Optimize the dosage of NPK according to soil fertility and aim yield; priority shall be given to basic fertilizer and application of basic fertilization and additional fertilization should proceed together. The additional fertilizer should rely mainly on potash fertilizer with moderate supplement of trace elements. Additional fertilizer shall be used after rosette developing phase and an additional fertilization shall be added before cabbages’ cores are formed. It is not good to apply nitrogen fertilizer 2 weeks before reaping.

2. Trace elements should be supplemented according to the local soil.

3. Appropriate amount of acid soil conditioner such as lime should be used in the severe acidized vegetable soil. It is forbidden using non-fully decomposed organic fertilizer, and it is advocated to use commercial organic fertilizer and decomposed farm manure, thus bettering soil fertility.

Suggestions from experts
1) For yield at 4500-6000 kg/mu, apply 4 m³/mu of organic fertilizer, 10-13kg/mu of nitrogen fertilizer, 4-6kg/mu of phosphate fertilizer (P2O5), 13-17kg/mu of potash fertilizer (K2O);

2）For yield at 3500-4500 kg/mu, apply 3-4 m³/mu of organic fertilizer, 8-10kg/mu of nitrogen fertilizer, 3-4kg/mu of phosphate fertilizer (P2O5), 10-13kg/mu of potash fertilizer (K2O);

Notes:

1. For the plot likely to be short of trace element boron or the plot with symptom that was short of boron in the past, it is feasible to apply 1 kg of borax as basic fertilizer before sowing, or use 0.1%-0.5% borax or boric acid aqueous solution for foliage spray in the middle and late growth stage, once each 5-6 days and 2-3 times in a row.

2. Cabbage favors calcium, it is also feasible to spray calcium chloride or calcium nitrate with concentration of 0.3%~0.5% on leaf surface other than basal application of calcium-contented fertilizer (superphosphate).

3. For the soil with pH<5, 100-150kg/mu of quick lime is needed, which could reduce soil acidity and supplement calcium.

4. All organic fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer are used as base fertilizer with furrow application or hole application method. 30% of nitrogen fertilizer is used as basic fertilizer and 70% is used as additional fertilization in twice before rosette period and heading stage. What should be noticed is that the amount of additional potash fertilizer before cabbage core is formed is 50% of total fertilization amount.

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